I work at UCSD in cognitive neuroscience. We are mapping the brain and its functions and our understanding of it is changing from a black box view to that of a highly specialized and plastic tool that we use everyday of our lives. Some of our brain function is conscious (attention, planning, motion) and some of it is automatic (breathing, hormone regulation, etc.)
Time Magazine is running a series of articles on modern neuroscience and cognitive science -- describing the plasticity of the brain. They discuss V.S. Ramachandran's investigation of phanton limbs -- apparently if you lose a limb, the part of the brain that used to control that is overtaken by neighboring functions -- so that losing a leg which was controlled by an area next to genitalia could result in your sensing the missing limb during an orgasm.
There is also an article on time travel wherein they postulate that the brain is often living in the past and future-- reliving and then predicting scenarios, and making decisions based on experience. We live in this dark network much more than we think. Then, a bell rings, a child cries, we hear a car crash and are brought back to the present. We live in the present until we can relax and go back to the dark network and process our experiences and imagine how it might have been different, and how it will be different if it occurs again.
In meditation, we learn to remain mindful and quiet this dark network in our mind that is so active. No wonder we call it Enlightenment. But if this article were the complete picture it would imply that we lose our capacity to learn from our experiences when enlightened, because we no longer avail ourselves of the dark network. There is more to this story